Master Induction Generator with Heyland Circle

Master Induction Generator with Heyland Circle

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. Equivalence of Impedances in Inductance Generators
3. Graphical Representation of Impedance
4. Impedance in the Complex Plane 4.1. Horizontal and Vertical Axis Representation 4.2. Behavior of Imaginary Part 4.3. Infinite Term and Real Part 4.4. Highland Circle and Admittance
5. Circumstances and Observations in the Highland Circle 5.1. Imaginary Line and Reactive Currents 5.2. Active Current and Iron Losses 5.3. Magnetization Losses and Moving the Circle
6. Photovoltaic Motorcade and Generator Case 6.1. No Load Condition and Current Variations 6.2. Angle Fee and Maximum Cosine Fee 6.3. Short Circuit Point and Start-up Current
7. Power Lines and Power Exchange 7.1. Grid Power Line and Active Power 7.2. Horizontal Line and Iron Losses 7.3. Additional Line and Rotor Losses 7.4. Delivered Mechanical Power and Friction Losses
8. Machine Torque and Machine Talk Line
9. Mechanical Power, Slip, and Speed
10. Graphical Solutions for Working Points
11. No Load Condition, Start-up, and Operational Points
12. Correct Scales and Sketched Parameters
13. Application to Wind Turbines
14. Conclusion

Equivalence of Impedances in Inductance Generators In the field of electrical engineering, it is crucial to understand the concept of impedance, specifically in inductance generators. Impedance refers to the measure of opposition that an electrical circuit presents to the flow of current. In this article, we will explore the graphical representation of impedance and its behavior in the complex plane. Moreover, we will delve into the Highland Circle and its significance in the analysis of inductance generators. By the end, we will discuss why the double fat induction generator is well-suited for wind turbines.

Impedance is a fundamental aspect of electrical circuits, particularly in inductance generators. It is essential to comprehend how different impedances can be equivalent in terms of their behavior. The graphical representation of impedance provides a visual tool to analyze and understand these characteristics. By representing impedance in the complex plane, we can observe the relationship between the imaginary and real parts. The imaginary part is represented horizontally, while the real part is depicted vertically.

In the complex plane, the behavior of the imaginary part remains constant for all slips. This leads to a consistent distance, represented as "x," from the real axis. However, as the slip approaches zero, the term for the real part tends to infinity. Consequently, the real part of the impedance vanishes, and only the imaginary part remains on the line.

The Highland Circle, not to be confused with the impedance display, focuses on the admittance "d y," which is the reciprocal of the impedance. When calculated, it results in a circle. When the slip is equal to zero, the circle originates from the imaginary line. As the slip increases, the circle moves above the imaginary line for the motor case and below for the generator case.

Within the Highland Circle, the vertical branch includes the active current, which represents iron losses. The presence of these losses causes a slight upwards shift in the circle. Additionally, the magnetization losses further displace the circle towards the right. The starting point within the Highland Circle is denoted as "I0," and various motorcades emerge from this point, representing different states.

In the no-load condition, the slip is zero, and the current is increasing while the fee is decreasing. Consequently, the cosine fee increases as well, leading to a decrease in reactive power demand. Conversely, for the generator case, the slip is downwards, resulting in the opposite pattern.

At the short circuit point, where the slip is one, a large start-up current is observed. This characteristic is typical for electric motors. In the Highland Circle, reactive currents are always visible, and the active power is represented by vertical lines. The active power consumed from the grid between the imaginary line and the operation point is referred to as the grid power line.

Another horizontal line passing through I zero allows us to read the iron losses in the stator. An additional line is plotted between AI zero and the short circuit point peak, enabling us to determine the losses in the rotor. By assessing the difference between these two lines, we can evaluate the mechanical power delivered, including friction losses. This line is commonly known as the power line.

The Highland Circle also reveals the power exchanged between the stator and rotor, which can be quantified by the relation between PD, M, P, and the torque. The mechanical power transmitted through the rotor blades in wind turbines is a crucial parameter of interest. Furthermore, the losses in both the rotor and stator can be derived from the Highland Circle, along with the active power being fed into the grid.

Understanding the correct scales and parameters is imperative for reading current, power, and moment figures from the Highland Circle. By establishing a starting point, such as X per centimeter, the powers can be calculated accurately. For example, when dealing with a Delta connection, the power is equivalent to three times the nominal voltage multiplied by the current scale. This calculation yields the figure of power in kilowatts per centimeter.

The relationship between moment and power, expressed as moment = Power / (2 P D), allows us to convert the figures into appropriate units. By multiplying this value by 60 seconds per minute, the unit can be expressed in Newton meters per centimeter.

Finally, as wind turbines are the focus of this article, their application in the generator case is of utmost importance. The behavior of current in the lower part of the circle becomes evident, emphasizing the mechanical power supplied by the rotor blades. The losses in both the rotor and stator are observable, along with the active power being transmitted to the grid. Understanding these aspects leads us to comprehend the suitability of the double fat induction generator for wind turbines.

In conclusion, the equivalence of impedances in inductance generators is a crucial aspect of electrical engineering. By representing impedance graphically in the complex plane, we gain insights into their behavior and characteristics. The Highland Circle provides a comprehensive overview of the different parameters at various working points. Whether studying motor or generator cases, the Highland Circle proves to be an invaluable tool. In the context of wind turbines, the double fat induction generator demonstrates exceptional performance. Its ability to efficiently convert mechanical power and transmit energy to the grid makes it an ideal choice for renewable energy generation.