Mastering Turabian Citation Style (9th ed.)

Mastering Turabian Citation Style (9th ed.)

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. Background of Turabian Style
3. Basic Formatting Guidelines 3.1 Font and Spacing 3.2 Page Numbers 3.3 Headings
4. Title Page Formatting
5. Bibliography Formatting 5.1 Organization of Entries 5.2 Indentation and Line Spacing
6. Footnotes Formatting 6.1 Inserting Footnotes in Microsoft Word 6.2 Organization and Reordering of Footnotes
7. Citations 7.1 Book Citation 7.2 Article Citation 7.3 Church Document Citation 7.4 Bible Citation 7.5 Unconventional Source Citation 7.6 Guidelines for Multiple Citations of the Same Source
8. Using "Ibid."
9. Additional Resources for Learning Turabian Style

The Basics of Turabian Style: A Comprehensive Guide for Quality Research and Citation

Welcome to this comprehensive guide on Turabian style, a widely used formatting and citation style developed by Kate Turabian. In this guide, we will explore the background and basic formatting guidelines of Turabian style, along with detailed instructions on how to format your paper and cite sources correctly.

1. Introduction

Turabian style, derived from the Chicago Manual of Style, provides users with a simplified version of the citation style, making it easier for researchers to conduct quality research and cite sources accurately. While Turabian and Chicago style are often discussed together, Turabian style focuses on the fundamentals necessary for academic writing.

2. Background of Turabian Style

Before we dive into the formatting guidelines, it's important to understand the origins of Turabian style. Kate Turabian, the creator of this style, developed it as a simplified version of the Chicago Manual of Style in 1937. While it bears her name, Turabian did not start from scratch but rather built upon the existing Chicago style.

3. Basic Formatting Guidelines

To ensure consistency and professionalism in your paper, it is essential to adhere to the basic formatting guidelines of Turabian style. Let's take a look at the font and spacing requirements first.

3.1 Font and Spacing

According to Turabian style, the text of your paper should be in Times New Roman, 12-point font. Additionally, the entire paper, except for specific sections, should be double-spaced. This includes the title page and the main body of the text. However, block quotes, footnotes, endnotes, and the bibliography page should not be double-spaced.

3.2 Page Numbers

Page numbers in Turabian style should start on the first page of the main body of the text. Therefore, the title page should not have a page number. The first page number in your paper must be "1." If you're using Microsoft Word, here's how you can format the page numbers correctly:

1. Go to the "Insert" tab at the top of Microsoft Word.
2. Click on "Page Number" in the "Header & Footer" section.
3. Choose the option to place the page number "top of page" (header).
4. Uncheck the box that says "show number on first page" to leave the title page blank.
5. Click "OK" to apply the changes.
6. Go back to the "Page Number" option, but this time select "Format Page Numbers."
7. Check the box that says "start at" and type "0" in the box.
8. Click "OK" to finalize the formatting.

With these steps, your page numbers will be formatted correctly according to Turabian style.

3.3 Headings

Headings in Turabian style are optional, depending on the type of paper you are writing. If your paper has clear sections that can benefit from headings, you may choose to include them. However, if headings do not enhance the clarity or organization of your paper, feel free to omit them.

For example, let's say you are writing a paper about Mary, the mother of Jesus. In this case, labeling clear sections such as "The Annunciation" would provide clarity and direction for your readers as they follow your argument.

It is essential to note that the title page should follow specific formatting rules. The title itself should appear one-third of the way down the page, while the name, class, professor, and date should appear two-thirds down the page.

4. Title Page Formatting

The title page of your paper should adhere to specific formatting guidelines. As mentioned earlier, the title should be positioned one-third of the way down the page, while the name, class, professor, and date should be placed two-thirds down. Ensure that the text on the title page is double-spaced to maintain consistency.

5. Bibliography Formatting

In Turabian style, the bibliography page is a crucial component of your research paper. Here, you will list all the works that you referenced during your research process, including those you did not directly cite in your paper. This allows interested readers to explore the sources that informed your research further.

The entries in the bibliography should be single-spaced, with an extra line break between each entry. It is important to organize the entries alphabetically. If a citation exceeds one line, the lines after the first should be indented. Let's take a look at an example of a properly formatted bibliography page:

[Example of a bibliography page]

5.1 Organization of Entries

In the bibliography, the entries should be organized alphabetically by the author's last name or the title if no author is specified. Maintain consistency throughout your bibliography page to facilitate easy reference for readers.

5.2 Indentation and Line Spacing

To ensure consistency and improve readability, indent the lines after the first line of each entry. Additionally, maintain single line-spacing within each entry, but leave an extra line break between individual entries.

6. Footnotes Formatting

Footnotes play a crucial role in Turabian style, providing additional information or citations without interrupting the flow of the main text. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to insert footnotes in Microsoft Word:

1. Go to the "References" tab at the top of Microsoft Word.
2. Click on "Insert Footnote" in the "Footnotes" section.
3. Remember that footnotes should always appear after the period and quotation marks, as the last part of the sentence.
4. Once you click "Insert Footnote," the footnote will appear at the bottom of the page.
5. Microsoft Word will handle the organization and reordering of footnotes for you. If you delete a sentence containing a footnote, the footnote will be deleted and the remaining footnotes will be reordered accordingly.
6. Similarly, if you copy and paste a sentence with a footnote, the footnote will travel with the sentence and appear in the correct order with the surrounding footnotes.

6.1 Organization and Reordering of Footnotes

When using footnotes, it is crucial to organize and reorder them correctly. Microsoft Word takes care of this aspect for you, ensuring that footnotes are well-organized and easy to follow. If you encounter the need for multiple citations of the same source, Turabian style provides a specific abbreviation to simplify the process.

7. Citations

Citing sources accurately is an essential aspect of academic writing. In Turabian style, there are specific guidelines for citing different types of sources. Let's take a look at some examples:

7.1 Book Citation

When citing a book, use the author's last name first in the footnote citation, followed by a comma and the specific page number. In the bibliography citation, the last name comes first, followed by a comma and then the author's first name. Here's an example:

[Book citation example]

7.2 Article Citation

For citing articles, there are slight differences between the footnote and bibliography citation. The footnotes should include the specific page numbers, while the bibliography citation should reflect the total page range of the article in the journal. Here's an example:

[Article citation example]

7.3 Church Document Citation

When referencing church documents, use the specific section in the footnotes to refer to a particular part of the document. The bibliography citation will provide the complete document information. Here's an example:

[Church document citation example]

7.4 Bible Citation

Citing the Bible follows a specific format in Turabian style. In the footnote citation, include the abbreviated title of the book, the chapter number, the first number of the cited verses, and the translation used. If you consistently use the same translation throughout your paper, it is unnecessary to mention it after the first citation. The Bible does not require a citation in the bibliography page. Here's an example:

[Bible citation example]

7.5 Unconventional Source Citation

In some cases, you may encounter unconventional sources that do not precisely match the citation format. When encountering such sources, it is crucial to handle them consistently throughout your paper. Here's an example of how to cite an unconventional source:

[Unconventional source citation example]

7.6 Guidelines for Multiple Citations of the Same Source

When citing the same source multiple times, you need to follow specific guidelines to ensure clarity and avoid repetition. In subsequent citations, you can use the author's last name, comma, and the page number. If you have multiple works by the same author, you may need to use the title of the work as well to differentiate between them. Additionally, the abbreviation "Ibid." is used when citing the same source consecutively. Here's an example:

[Multiple citations example]

8. Using "Ibid."

In Turabian style, "Ibid." is used when citing the same source consecutively. It is an abbreviation for the Latin word meaning "in the same place." When using "Ibid," you only need to include the page number if it differs from the previous citation. Here's an example:

[Ibid. example]

9. Additional Resources for Learning Turabian Style

Learning Turabian style can be challenging, but there are resources available to help you navigate the formatting and citation requirements. The Seton Hill Pastoral Ministry LibGuide, provided by Reeves Library, is an excellent starting point. You can find writing and citing resources that will assist you throughout your research and writing process.

In addition to the LibGuide, there are several websites that serve as valuable references for writing your paper in Turabian style.

[Additional resources for learning Turabian style]

Highlights:

• Turabian style is a simplified version of the Chicago Manual of Style, providing essential guidelines for quality research and citation.
• Font and spacing requirements include Times New Roman, 12-point font for the text and double-spacing throughout (except for specific sections).
• Page numbers should start on the first page of the main body of the text, excluding the title page.
• Headings are optional and should be used when they enhance the organization and clarity of the paper.
• The title page and bibliography page have specific formatting rules.
• Footnotes play a vital role in providing additional information and citations without disrupting the flow of the main text.
• Citations in Turabian style differ based on the type of source, including books, articles, church documents, and the Bible.
• Consistency is key when citing unusual or unconventional sources.
• Guidelines for multiple citations of the same source include abbreviating the author's last name and using "Ibid." for consecutive citations.
• Additional resources, such as the Seton Hill Pastoral Ministry LibGuide and various websites, can assist with learning Turabian style.