Troubleshooting Generator Issues: 8 Common Causes of Oil Burning

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction
2. The Power of the Piston
3. Reason 1: Too Much Oil in the Crankcase
4. Reason 2: Incorrect Oil
5. Reason 3: Damaged Piston Rings or Cylinder Wall
6. Reason 4: Blown Head Gasket
7. Reason 5: Clogged Crankcase Vent
8. Reason 6: Damaged Valve Stem Seal
9. Reason 7: Dirty Air Filter
10. Reason 8: Age and Usage of the Generator
11. Conclusion

Article:

Introduction

In this article, we will explore the reasons why your generator may be burning oil. We will dive into the various factors that can contribute to this issue and provide possible solutions. Understanding these reasons will help you diagnose and fix the problem, ensuring that your generator operates efficiently for years to come.

The Power of the Piston

To comprehend the causes of oil burning in generators, it is crucial to understand the power exerted by the piston and its interaction with the cylinder walls. Imagine the piston and cylinder walls as a vacuum-sealed system, where the piston creates a vacuum effect that draws in air or liquid. This process is similar to using a medical syringe, where drawing down on the piston sucks in air. Similarly, when the piston pushes up, it expels the liquid or air. This vacuum effect plays a significant role in the subsequent reasons why generators may burn oil.

Reason 1: Too Much Oil in the Crankcase

One of the primary reasons for oil burning is an excessive amount of oil in the crankcase. The oil level should typically be maintained at the top of the threads where the dipstick sits. However, if the generator is tipped at a forty-five-degree angle during refueling, it can lead to overfilling. When the generator is upright, the oil level may appear appropriate, but once it is set down, the oil can slosh and level out higher than necessary. This excessive oil creates a puddle on which the piston sits, preventing proper lubrication and leading to oil being drawn past the rings and burned in the combustion chamber.

Reason 2: Incorrect Oil

Using the incorrect oil weight or viscosity can also contribute to oil burning in a generator. If a lighter weight oil is used than what is recommended by the manufacturer or suitable for the weather conditions, it can bypass the piston rings. Even during regular lubrication, the thin oil can get on top of the piston and get burnt with the gas-air mixture from the carburetor.

Reason 3: Damaged Piston Rings or Cylinder Walls

When the piston rings or cylinder walls are damaged, it becomes easier for oil to get on top of the piston and burn. The piston has three rings that help keep the oil down and prevent the exhaust from entering the crankcase. However, if any of these rings are compromised, oil can travel past the rings and accumulate on the piston. Proper installation of piston rings is crucial, ensuring that they are staggered to create a more effective barrier against oil leakage.

Reason 4: Blown Head Gasket

A blown head gasket can also result in oil burning in a generator. If the internal head gasket blows, it creates a pathway for oil and exhaust to mix within the combustion chamber. Every time the piston goes down, it creates a vacuum effect that pulls in oil and air mix from the damaged head gasket. Conversely, when the piston pushes back up, exhaust is forced through the damaged gasket and enters the crankcase, contributing to oil burning.

Reason 5: Clogged Crankcase Vent

A clogged crankcase vent can build internal pressure within the crankcase, pushing oil up through the cylinder walls and onto the piston. The crankcase normally vents itself through a designated hole, but if that hole becomes clogged, it restricts the airflow. As a result, every time the piston drives down, it drives up the crankcase pressure, which forces oil past the piston rings and leads to oil burning.

Reason 6: Damaged Valve Stem Seal

The valve stem seal prevents oil from entering the combustion chamber. If this seal is damaged, oil can easily access the chamber and get burnt. Every time the piston generates a vacuum effect, it will suck oil past the damaged seal, resulting in oil burning within the combustion chamber.

Reason 7: Dirty Air Filter

An excessively dirty or clogged air filter can restrict airflow into the carburetor and combustion chamber. With the intense vacuum created by the piston, if it cannot draw in enough air or gas, it may suck up oil and air from the combustion chamber. Consequently, the oil will bypass the piston rings and burn, causing oil burning in the generator.

Reason 8: Age and Usage of the Generator

The age and usage of the generator play a significant role in oil burning. Over time and with extensive use, the piston rings may become less effective, allowing oil to slip past them. The cylinder walls can also undergo microscopic wear, widening the gap and making it easier for oil to get burnt. It is essential to consider the lifespan of a typical generator, as normal wear and tear contribute to oil burning after approximately 2,000 to 3,000 hours of usage.

Conclusion

Understanding the reasons why your generator may be burning oil is vital for proper maintenance and efficient operation. By addressing issues such as excessive oil, incorrect oil, damaged piston rings or cylinder walls, blown head gaskets, clogged crankcase vents, damaged valve stem seals, dirty air filters, and the effects of age and usage, you can prevent oil burning in your generator. Regular maintenance and adherence to manufacturer guidelines will ensure that your generator functions optimally, providing reliable power during outages and emergencies.